Copernican heliocentrism

Copernican heliocentrism is the astronomical model developed by Nicolaus Copernicus, published in 1543. This model positioned the Sun near the center of the Universe, motionless, with Earth and other planets orbiting around it in circular paths.

Quotes

 * A heightened control of the affects, developed in society and learned by the individual, and above all a heightened degree of autonomous affect control, was needed in order for the world-picture centred on the earth and the people living on it to be overcome by one which, like the heliocentric world-picture, agreed better with the observable facts but was at first far less satisfying emotionally; for it removed human beings from their position at the centre of the universe and placed them on one of many planets circling about the centre.
 * Norbert Elias, The Civilizing Process (1939), p. 477


 * The development of the idea that the earth circles round the sun in a purely mechanical way in accordance with natural laws&mdash;that is, in a way not in the least determined by any purpose relating to mankind, and therefore no longer possessing any great emotional significance for people&mdash;presupposed and demanded at the same time a development in human beings themselves towards increased emotional control, a greater restraint of their spontaneous feeling that everything they experience and everything that concerns them takes its stamp from them, is the expression of an intention, a destiny, a purpose relating to themselves. Now, in the age that we call "modern", people have reached a stage of self-detachment that enables them to conceive of natural processes as an autonomous sphere operating in a purely mechanical or causal way without intention or purpose or destiny, and having a meaning or purpose for themselves only if they are in a position, through objective knowledge, to control it and thereby to give it a meaning and a purpose.
 * Norbert Elias, The Civilizing Process (1939), p. 477


 * He that would appear wise will not be satisfied with anything that others do; he must do something for himself, and that must be better than anything. This fool (Copernicus) wants to overturn the whole science of astronomy. But, as the holy Scriptures tell us, Joshua told the sun to stand still, and not the earth.
 * Martin Luther Table-Talk, iv. 575