Kerala

Kerala, historically known as Keralam, is a state in South India on the Malabar coast. It was formed on 1 November 1956 following the States Reorganisation Act by combining various Malayalam-speaking regions. The state is bordered by Karnataka to the north and northeast, Tamil Nadu to the east and south, and the Lakshadweep Sea to the west. Its capital is Thiruvananthapuram and its largest city is Kochi. Its official languages are Malayalam and English, and its largest religion is Hinduism.

According to government statistics, Kerala is the least impoverished and second-most urbanized state in India, although it has lower population growth and is dependent on remittances after many of its residents emigrated to Arabia during the 1970s. Its Legislative Assembly is currently controlled by the Communist-led Left Democratic Front. Its governor is Arif Mohammad Khan and its Chief Minister is Pinarayi Vijayan.

Quotes

 * God's own country
 * Popular saying about Kerala, coined by Walter Mendez, the Creative Director of an Indian advertising agency in 1989 at the request of the Tourism Department, Government of Kerala.


 * While India’s life expectancy figure of around 60 years compare quite unfavourably with China’s 69 years, Kerala’s life expectancy – about 72 years –  appears on the other side of China’s achievement. Similarly, the infant mortality rate of 79 per thousand live births in India  is very high indeed in comparison with China’s 31, but Kerala’s rate of 17 is much better than China’s. Again while India’s literacy rate is much lower than that of China, Kerala’s is substantially higher than China’s.
 * Amartya Sen and Jean Dréze in India: Economic Development and Social Opportunity, 1995, Oxford University Press.


 * Ownership inequality between men and women are is not a newly emerging inequality, in contrast with natality inequality, for example. It has existed in most parts of the world for a very long time. However, there are also important local variations in the prevalence of this of this inequality. For example, even though traditional property rights tend to favour men over women in most parts of India, nevertheless in the state of Kerala, over a long period there has been matrilineal inheritance for an influential part of the community, most notably the Nairs, who constitute about a fifth of the total population of Kerala and who has long been influential in the governance and politics of kerala. In the exceptional nature of Kerala’s social achievements, the greater voice of women seems to have been an important factor, and in this long tradition of matrilineal inheritance on the part of an influential segment of society has played a significant role.
 * Amartya Sen in The Argumentative Indian, Penguinn Books.