On Photography

On Photography is a 1977 collection of essays by Susan Sontag. It originally appeared as a series of essays in the New York Review of Books between 1973 and 1977. In the book, Sontag expresses her views on the history and present-day role of photography in capitalist societies as of the 1970s. Sontag discusses many examples of modern photography.

Quotes

 * Farrar, Straus and Giroux ISBN 0385267061


 * In Plato's Cave
 * Photographed images do not seem to be statements about the world so much as pieces of it, miniatures of reality that anyone can make or acquire.
 * p. 4


 * Even when photographers are most concerned with mirroring reality, they are still haunted by tacit imperatives of taste and conscience.
 * p. 6


 * Photography has become almost as widely practiced an amusement as sex and dancing.
 * In Plato's Cave, p. 8
 * Previously published as Photography in The New York Review of Books, 18 October 1973


 * The particular qualities and intentions of photographs tend to be swallowed up in the generalized pathos of time past.
 * "In Plato's Cave", p. 21


 * America, Seen Through Photographs, Darkly


 * Whitman thought he was not abolishing beauty but generalizing it. So, for generations, did the most gifted American photographers, in their polemical pursuit of the trivial and the vulgar. But among American photographers who have matured since World War II, the Whitmanesque mandate to record in its entirety the extravagant candors of actual American experience has gone sour. In photographing dwarfs, you don't get majesty & beauty. You get dwarfs.
 * "America, Seen Through Photographs, Darkly", p. 29


 * Evans wanted his photographs to be "literate, authoritative, transcendent." The moral universe of the 1930s being no longer ours, these adjectives are barely creditable today. Nobody demands that photography be literate. Nobody can imagine how it could be authoritative. Nobody understands how anything, least of all a photograph, could be transcendent.
 * "America, Seen Through Photographs, Darkly", p. 31


 * Melancholy Objects


 * Social misery has inspired the comfortably-off with the urge to take pictures, the gentlest of predations, in order to document a hidden reality, that is, a reality hidden from them. Gazing on other people's reality with curiosity, with detachment, with professionalism, the ubiquitous photographer operates as if that activity transcends class interests, as if its perspective is universal. In fact, photography first comes into its own as an extension of the eye of the middle-class flâneur, whose sensibility was so accurately charted by Baudelaire. The photographer is an armed version of the solitary walker reconnoitering, stalking, cruising the urban inferno, the voyeuristic stroller who discovers the city as a landscape of voluptuous extremes. Adept of the joys of watching, connoisseur of empathy, the flâneur finds the world "picturesque"...
 * p. 55


 * The flâneur is not attracted to the city's official realities but to its dark seamy corners, the neglected populations—an unofficial reality behind the façade of bourgeois life that the photographer 'apprehends,' as a detective apprehends a criminal."
 * p. 55


 * The camera makes everyone a tourist in other people's reality, and eventually in one's own.
 * "Melancholy Objects", p. 57


 * The Heroism of Vision


 * So successful has been the camera's role in beautifying the world that photographs, rather than the world, have become the standard of the beautiful.'''
 * "The Heroism of Vision", p. 85


 * The painter constructs, the photographer discloses.
 * "The Heroism of Vision", p. 92


 * The tradition of portrait painting, to embellish or idealize the subject, remains the aim of everyday and of commercial photography, but it has had a much more limited career in photography considered as art. Generally speaking, the honors have gone to the Cordelias.
 * "The Heroism of Vision", p. 105


 * Photographic Evangels


 * The destiny of photography has taken it far beyond the role to which it was originally thought to be limited: to give more accurate reports on reality (including works of art). Photography is the reality; the real object is often experienced as a letdown.
 * "Photographic Evangels", p. 147


 * The Image-World


 * Between two fantasy alternatives, that Holbein the Younger had lived long enough to have painted Shakespeare or that a prototype of the camera had been invented early enough to have photographed him, most Bardolators would choose the photograph. This is not just because it would presumably show what Shakespeare really looked like, for even if the photograph were faded, barely legible, a brownish shadow, we would probably still prefer it to another glorious Holbein. Having a photograph of Shakespeare would be like having a nail from the True Cross.
 * "The Image-World", p. 154


 * Reality has come to seem more and more like what we are shown by cameras. It is common now for people to insist upon their experience of a violent event in which they were caught up — a plane crash, a shoot-out, a terrorist bombing — that "it seemed like a movie." This is said, other descriptions seeming insufficient, in order to explain how real it was. While many people in non-industrialized countries still feel apprehensive when being photographed, divining it to be some kind of trespass, an act of disrespect, a sublimated looting of the personality or the culture, people in industrialized countries seek to have their photographs taken — feel that they are images, and are made real by photographs.
 * "The Image-World", p. 161