Sakutarō Hagiwara



 (萩原 朔太郎, Hagiwara Sakutarō, 1 November 1886 – 11 May 1942) was a Japanese writer of free verse, active in the Taishō and early Shōwa periods of Japan. He liberated Japanese free verse from the grip of traditional rules, and he is considered the "father of modern colloquial poetry in Japan". He published many volumes of essays, literary and cultural criticism, and aphorisms over his long career. His unique style of verse expressed his doubts about existence, and his fears, ennui, and anger through the use of dark images and unambiguous wording.

Cat Town (2014)
Cat Town, translated and edited by Hiroaki Sato. New York: New York Review Books, 2014. ISBN 978-1-59017-775-4

Howling at the Moon
orig. in ja.『月に吠える』(Tsuki ni Hoeru), 1917.
 * A person, individually, is always terribly lonely forever and ever.
 * Introduction


 * Poetry is the intellect's product of one second. A certain type of sentiment that one ordinarily has touches something like electricity and for the first time discovers a rhythm. This electricity is, for the poet, a miracle. Poetry is not something anticipated and made.
 * Introduction


 * When I think of poetry, I feel its fierce human suffering and its joy.
 * Introduction


 * Poetry is neither a mystery nor a symbol nor a demon. Poetry is nothing more than a lonely consolation for the owner of a sickly soul and a man of solitude.
 * Introduction


 * When I think of poetry, I become teary, without meaning to, because of the wretchedness of human sentiments.
 * Introduction


 * The past is a painful memory to me. The past was an ominous nightmare of frustrations, inaction, and a suffering body and flesh.
 * Introduction


 * The dog that howls at the moon howls suspicious and fearful of his own shadow. To the dog's ailing heart, the moon is an ominous puzzle like a pallid ghost. The dog howls far into the distance.
 * Introduction


 * I want to nail my own gloomy shadow into the moonlit earth. Lest the shadow follow me forever.
 * Introduction

yet not all are mine, verily manifest to me are only phantoms of blue flames without shadows, only the ghosts of pathos that fade off over the snow, ah painful confession on such a day what shall I make of them, all are but phantoms of blue flames.
 * Behold all sins have been inscribed,
 * "Bamboo"

spiders have covered his face with webs, his body below the waist has faded like a shadow, a bush has grown above his waist, arms rotten, body all over, truly messed up, oh, today again the moon is out, the daybreak moon is out, and in the opaque light like a lantern a deformed white dog is howling.
 * During the long illness and pain,
 * "Daybreak"

still it's lolling its tongue. Over this invertebrate's head, pebbles and brine rustle, rustle, rustle, rustle, flowing, flowing, ah so quietly as a dream flowing.
 * Body half buried in sand,
 * "Rotten Clam"

and human kindnesses make me gloomy, rather I prefer walking in a bustling city park until I get tired, and find a bench under some lonely tree, I prefer to be looking at the sky absentmindedly, ah, I prefer to be looking at the smoke and soot flowing away far and sad over the city sky, or at a swallow flying away over the roofs of buildings, into the distance, small.
 * Nature anywhere oppresses me,
 * "Lonely Personality"

is calling loudly to an unknown friend, my obsequious strange personality, looking shabby like a crow, is trembling on the corner of a deserted, winter- withered bench.
 * My personality, loneliest in the world,
 * "Lonely Personality"

shabby, limping on its hind leg, a crippled dog's shadow. Ah, I do not know where I'm going, in the direction of the road that I go, roofs of tenements are being pelted pelted in the wind, in a gloomy, empty lot by the road, bone-dry grass leaves are pliantly thinly moving.
 * This utterly unknown dog follows me,
 * "Unknown Dog"

the touch of the countryside is gritty and sickening, when I sometimes think of the countryside, I'm tormented by the smell of animal skin coarse in texture.I fear the countryside, the countryside is a pale fever dream.
 * The air of the countryside is gloomy and oppressive,
 * "Fear of the Countryside"

man at such a moment a disastrous crime is born. A heart afraid of crime is the forerunner of a heart that gives birth to a crime.
 * Of the lukewarm unpleasantness of the sensation of a
 * "Skylark Nest"


 * I love human beings. Nevertheless I fear human beings.
 * "Skylark Nest"

And my heart loving everyone becomes tearful. I always like, while walking on a deserted lonely beach, to think of the crowds in the distant city.
 * Sometimes I escape from everyone and become solitary.
 * "Skylark Nest"


 * Why can't one love with one's body those whom one loves with one's heart?
 * "Skylark Nest"

The faces are dark, looking only at the ground. On the ground, spring, like smallpox, is ponderously erupting.
 * Here and there, I see farmers' melancholy faces.
 * "Skylark Nest"

Blue Cat
orig. in ja. 『青猫』(Aoneko), 1923.
 * Some people say my poetry is sensual. It may be that some are like that. Still, a correct view opposes it. Nothing "sensual" can be the motive of my poetry. It is a chord over the keynote. Or an ornament. I am not a man who can get intoxicated on the senses. What I truly try to sing of is different. It is that atmosphere—the sound of a fife you hear on a spring night. It is not the senses, not a passion, not an excitement, but simply the nostalgia of a cloud that quietly drifts in the shadow of a soul. It is a tearful yearning for a reality far, far away.
 * Preface


 * Since my tender boyhood I've been tormented by my soul's nostalgia with no apparent cause. My night bed was whitishly wet with tears, when the day broke the intestines of my sentimentality were scratched apart by the rooster's voice. For days I ran around the edges of the spring field aimlessly in love with a member of the opposite sex, hugging a tree trunk alone, singing "The One Who's in Love with Love."
 * Preface


 * Thus I make poetry. Like the moths that swarm around a lantern, deceived by the phantom of certain flowery mysterious sentiments, trying to touch the essence of invisible reality, I vainly flap, flap my wings as fragile as sponge cake. I am a pitiable fantasizing child, the sad fate of a moth.
 * Preface


 * [S]ome of my poems generally belong to a sensory melancholy, while certain others belong to a meditative melancholy. But, whichever it may be, the rhythm that I really want to convey is not it. It is not these "sensory things" or "idealistic things." Those things are no more than the costumes of my poetry. The essence of my poetry—that fragrant throb of my heart pulsing that becomes the motive of my poetry-making—lies above all else in the charm of the tender sound of the fife. It lies in the pitifulness of yearnings with no apparent cause for the world of reality. Thus I breathe into the fife's mouth hole, trying to play a mysterious and sensuous life.
 * Preface


 * [T]o me poetry is neither a mystery nor a religion. Even less is it "a life-or-death work" or "a sacred way of ascetic training." It is nothing more than "a sad consolation" for me.
 * Preface


 * [Poetry] is the voice of a blue heron calling in the marshes of life, the sound of a wind darkly whispering over the reeds on a moonlit night.
 * Preface


 * Poetry always stands at the head of the currents of time, and most acutely feels and touches the feelings of the coming century. That being the case, the true value of a collection of poetry should be determined at least five years, ten years after its publication. Five years, ten years later, vulgar folk in general will catch up for the first time with the position where poetry now stands. That is, normally poetry is best when it is published sooner and understood later. We poets can only despise things like pursuing fashionable thoughts and adopting ourselves to things that are favored for the moment but shallow.
 * Preface


 * Poetry always looks down on vulgar folk, transcends the air of the age, and honors the most noble and clear spirit—that is utterly natural in its essence.
 * Preface


 * I have made poetry for a long time but I have less and less confidence in it. Someone like me is no more than a miserable blue cat's nightmare.
 * Preface

is the shadow of a single blue cat the shadow of a cat that speaks of the sad history of mankind the blue shadow of the happiness I never stop longing for.
 * Ah what's asleep in this large city night
 * "Blue Cat"

I longed for Tokyo even on sleety days, I thought, but leaning there on a wall in backstreets, and cold, what dream is this man, a beggar, dreaming?
 * Longing for whatever shadow
 * "Blue Cat"

it's the heart that always plays quietly alone the heart is lonesome the heart, early in its youthful boyhood, cast a shadow on my life the gradually enlarging shadow of solitude the shadow of terrifying melancholy grows.
 * And my heart senses tears
 * "A Fly's Song"

and gaze at the shadow of my fading soul its sighs are lonesome and as feeble as a fly that stays in the spring evening sun that fades quietly my life roams feebly my life staying at the windowglass heard helpless children's sobbing schoolsongs
 * Now I sit in my room alone
 * "A Fly's Song"

in this forest of sensuous illusion I gaze at the shadow of melancholy that gradually spread and my heart flapping its wings resembles the ugly look of a bird at death ah this sensation of unbearable sensual sex ever so terrifyingly melancholy.
 * ah these terrifying shades on earth
 * "So Terrifyingly Melancholy"

and try to chew the root of some grass to suck the juice of some grass to suck the bitter juice of melancholy indeed there's no hope for anything there life's just a series of meaningless melancholies
 * I close my eyes
 * "The Riverside of Melancholy"

you who wander in a vermilion florid kimono you who are as gentle as a younger sister it's neither the cemetery's moon nor phosphorescence nor shadow nor truth and how simply so sad it is. And so my life and body go on rotting and in the shadow of the hazy landscape of "Nihilism" are sensuously yet stickily reclining you see.
 * Ah lukewarm as this spring night
 * "Sensuous Cemetery"

I watched a pillar of crumbling flesh it trembled lonely in the evening darkness smelled raw like dead-man's-grass that flutters at a shadow and was as ugly as rotting meat with throngs of maggots crawling on it.
 * In a field where bats swarmed
 * "Crumbling Flesh"

my soul clutches an itchy terror like a ship that has come from a harbor it has come crossing the islands with wraiths in the distance it's neither wind nor rain all of it a dark fear clinging to the sufferings of love and lust and at the dull flute-sound that a snake charmer makes my crumbling shadow wept lonely.
 * Ah in this landscape that trails shadows
 * "Crumbling Flesh"

The more we dig the sand in the mud the deeper the fountain of sorrow becomes, doesn't it? The spring wavering in curtains' shadow has gone away into the distance, rocking on a rickshaw.
 * Where is our happiness?
 * "Field Mouse"

And irretrievable remorse alone scurried away like a field mouse.
 * I have no more hope no more honor no more future.
 * "Field Mouse"

miserable dry plate of a landscape on which despair has frozen run away the pale shadow.
 * From cause-and-effect's destiny's fixed law's
 * "Pale Horse"

are asleep like huge spiders. In lonely pitch-dark nature animals tremble with fear and threatened by some Dream Demon are howling sadly pale.
 * The human lodges collapsed on the ground
 * "Heredity"

nature terrified us trembling like reeds we wept and shouted in the lonely wasteland. "Mo-other! Mo-other!"
 * With rare words that adults do not know
 * "Hiding Behind Nature"

universal life's instinct's solitary eternally eternally solitary a sentiment ever so flowery.
 * I think of a mystery hard to solve
 * "Flowery Sentiment"

Other Poems and Prose Poems

 * Darkness is like waves. On the surface of the sea where life is desolate, they roll in and break, break and roll in again. Ah waves of lust, waves of will, waves of evil thoughts that roll out and rise again. Waves, waves, waves, waves, waves of dark melancholy with nothing special to be said about it. Indeed, this lonely view always repeats its depressingly monotonous echoes on the dark surface of the sea under a cloudy sky. Let us then pass by the seashore, let us go step on the footprints on the dunes that recede into the distance. Let us meditate on the eternal time of nature, of the ocean, that reflects in the Buddha's lonely clock. Now on the surface of the crepuscular sea, watching the whitish waves of darkness that roll in and break, break and roll in again. Hearts on the beach where everything is so sad, crumbling with melancholy.
 * "Waves and Darkness"


 * [T]he octopus did not die. Even after he disappeared, he still was eternally alive there. In the antiquated, empty, forgotten water tank of the aquarium. Eternally—most likely through many centuries—an animal with a certain horrible deficiency and dissatisfaction was alive, invisible to the human eye.
 * "The Octopus That Does Not Die"


 * Father is eternally tragic.
 * "Father"


 * Suppose a mechanical man has a feeling? It will be nothing but boundless sorrow.
 * "The Feeling of Material"


 * If those who have already committed suicide and are dead were to become alive once again and speak, they would probably talk of the actuality of this. They are all regretting ghosts in their graves. I think about this a hundred times and am still terrified, and I shudder even in my dreams.
 * "The Terror of Suicide"


 * In one room of some madhouse there was a man who sat on a chair all day, doing nothing but stare at the hands of a clock every day. Here was probably the most bored human being in the world, who didn't know what to do with "time," or so I thought. But the reality was the opposite, as the director of the house explained to me. This unhappy person thinks life is constant activity. He doesn't want to waste a single moment of his life, and lest he squander valuable time, he's staring at the clock like that, every day. Say something to him, and he'll angrily bark, "Shut up! Now another second of my valuable time passes. Time is life! Time is life!"
 * "A Madman Watching a Clock"

Time passes and all illusions must fade away. Wanting to catch my life, one day in the past I cast my line in the river, but ah that happiness was too far away and I didn't see tiny fish even in a flash.
 * The Hirose River flows white.
 * "The Hirose River"

Cat Town
orig. in ja.『猫町』(Nekomachi), 1935.
 * The allure of travel gradually faded away from my roman. Once upon a time my heart danced just by imaging any of its symbols, a train, a steamship, towns of unknown foreign lands. Nonetheless, my past experiences taught me that travel is no more than the simple "movement of the same thing within the same space." No matter where you go, you find the same kinds of people live, repeating the same kinds of monotonous lives, in the same kinds of villages or towns. In any small town in the countryside, the merchant is fiddling with his abacus at his storefront, looking out at the whitish street all day, the public servant is smoking in his office, thinking about things like vegetables in his lunch box, as they live each tasteless, monotonous day the same way, day after day, watching their lives gradually grow old. The allure of travel came merely to project in my tired heart the image of an endlessly bored landscape like a Chinese parasol tree that grows in some vacant lot, making me feel a tasteless hatred and leeriness for human life in which identical rules repeat themselves no matter where you turn. In short, I lost interest in any kind of travel, the romance of it.
 * Chapter 1


 * Nothing contains a greater metaphysical mystery than the fact that a single thing presents two separate sides if you change the direction of your eyes, that a single phenomenon has a hidden "secret side." A long time ago, when I was a child, I would look at a framed painting hanging on the wall and become obsessed with the thought: What kind of world is secretly hidden behind that framed landscape? I often removed the oil painting to peer at its back. This question I had as a child remains for me, an adult today, as an unsolvable mystery.
 * Chapter 1


 * [A]ll philosophers must surrender to the poet when they arrive at the end of their intellectual exploration. Only the universe that the poet intuits far above the common senses is the true metaphysical reality.
 * Chapter 2


 * In the face of all kinds of derisions of all the many people, I still firmly believe in my mind that that unique village on the Japan Sea of which oral legend has handed down, the town where only cats' spirits live, must surely exist somewhere, in some part of the universe.
 * Chapter 3